Chapter Summary
Reproductive Health refers to a state of physical, mental, and social well-being in all aspects of reproduction. It covers topics like birth control methods, STDs, infertility, maternal and child health, and population control. The chapter highlights the importance of awareness and government initiatives for maintaining reproductive health.
50 Questions and Answers
Reproductive health means total well-being in all aspects of reproduction including physical, emotional, behavioral, and social health.
STDs are sexually transmitted diseases spread mainly through sexual contact, such as HIV/AIDS, syphilis, and gonorrhea.
Syphilis and gonorrhea.
AIDS (HIV) and genital herpes.
Contraception refers to methods used to prevent pregnancy.
Barrier methods include condoms, diaphragms, and cervical caps which prevent sperm from reaching the egg.
Oral contraceptives are hormone-based pills taken by women to prevent ovulation.
Tubectomy is a surgical method of contraception in females where fallopian tubes are cut and tied to prevent pregnancy.
Vasectomy is a surgical method of contraception in males where vas deferens are cut and tied to prevent sperm transport.
Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) refers to the intentional termination of pregnancy under safe conditions.
It is a natural contraceptive method where intercourse is avoided during the fertile period of the menstrual cycle.
It is the absence of menstruation during lactation, which acts as a natural contraceptive for the first six months postpartum.
Infertility is the inability of a couple to conceive after one year of regular unprotected sexual intercourse.
Low sperm count in males and blocked fallopian tubes in females.
ART stands for Assisted Reproductive Technology, which includes medical techniques to treat infertility.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI).
Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer, where a zygote formed in vitro is transferred to the fallopian tube.
Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer, where gametes are transferred into the fallopian tube for fertilization.
Intra Uterine Insemination, where sperm is introduced directly into the uterus.
IVF is commonly known as test tube baby technique.
Oral contraceptives containing estrogen and progesterone prevent ovulation.
It refers to the sudden and rapid rise in human population leading to socio-economic problems.
Withdrawal method (coitus interruptus).
HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, which causes AIDS.
AIDS stands for Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome, a disease where the immune system is weakened by HIV infection.
The incubation period of HIV infection ranges from 2 to 10 years.
Trichomoniasis caused by Trichomonas vaginalis.
Candidiasis caused by Candida albicans.
Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) like copper-T prevent fertilization and implantation.
Government runs awareness programs, provides contraceptives, conducts family planning drives, and controls population growth.
MMR is Maternal Mortality Rate and IMR is Infant Mortality Rate, both indicators of reproductive health.
It is a prenatal diagnostic technique to detect genetic disorders, but misuse for sex determination is banned.
WHO promotes safe motherhood, family planning, prevention of STDs, and reproductive health awareness worldwide.
Condoms and vasectomy.
Oral contraceptive pills and tubectomy.
Medical abortion uses pills like mifepristone and misoprostol to terminate pregnancy.
It is educating people about safe sex, contraception, STDs, infertility, and maternal health.
It includes surgical and medical techniques to prevent pregnancy, like IUDs, sterilization, and pills.
NGOs conduct awareness campaigns, provide contraceptives, and help in STD prevention and maternal care.
Family planning is the practice of controlling the number and spacing of children through contraception.
Safe sex refers to sexual practices that reduce the risk of STDs and unintended pregnancies, such as using condoms.
They are pills taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse to prevent pregnancy.
21 years for males and 18 years for females.
Child immunization is vaccinating children to protect them from infectious diseases, ensuring healthy growth.
It is a policy by the Indian government to control population growth and promote reproductive health.
They are hormonal pills that prevent ovulation and pregnancy.
Copper-T is an intrauterine device that releases copper ions to prevent sperm motility and fertilization.
Reproductive rights refer to the right of individuals to make decisions about reproduction and family planning freely.
Maternal health refers to the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum period.
Reproductive health ensures safe reproduction, prevention of diseases, controlled population growth, and overall well-being of society.