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This chapter covers the role of chemistry in everyday life — common drugs and their classification, cleansing agents (soaps and synthetic detergents), food preservatives and artificial sweeteners, disinfectants and antiseptics, and basics of chemicals used in household and industry. Memorize examples, mechanism (like saponification), and differences (soap vs detergent), and common drug families (antipyretics, analgesics, antimicrobials).
1. Which of the following is commonly used as an antipyretic and analgesic?
A) Paracetamol ✅
B) Ranitidine
C) Amoxicillin
D) Metformin
2. Which of these is an artificial sweetener?
A) Sucrose
B) Aspartame ✅
C) Glucose
D) Maltose
3. Which compound is commonly used as a food preservative?
A) Sodium chloride only
B) Sugar only
C) Benzoic acid and its salts ✅
D) Ethanol only
4. Which of the following is a broad-spectrum antibiotic?
A) Isoniazid
B) Penicillin G
C) Tetracycline ✅
D) None of the above
5. Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of:
A) Fatty acids (formed by saponification) ✅
B) Amino acids
C) Sugars
D) Nucleotides
6. Which synthetic detergent group contains a sulfate or sulphonate group?
A) Anionic detergents (e.g., alkylbenzene sulfonates) ✅
B) Cationic detergents
C) Nonionic detergents
D) Amphoteric detergents
7. Which enzyme is commonly added to detergents to remove protein stains?
A) Lipase
B) Protease ✅
C) Amylase
D) Cellulase
8. Which of the following is an antiseptic used for skin disinfection?
A) Benzene
B) Chlorhexidine / Iodine solutions ✅
C) Phenol only
D) Formaldehyde gas
9. Triclosan used in some soaps and toothpastes acts as a:
A) Sweetener
B) Preservative
C) Antibacterial agent ✅
D) Emulsifier
10. Which of the following is NOT effective against viruses?
A) Antiseptics
B) Antibiotics ✅
C) Disinfectants
D) Antivirals
11. Which antacid is commonly used to neutralize stomach acid?
A) Paracetamol
B) Magnesium hydroxide / Aluminium hydroxide ✅
C) Ciprofloxacin
D) Insulin
12. Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is classified as:
A) Antibiotic
B) Analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory (NSAID) ✅
C) Antacid
D) Antihistamine
13. Which of the following is used to disinfect drinking water?
A) Chlorine / Sodium hypochlorite ✅
B) Benzene
C) Mercury compounds
D) Lead salts
14. Which compound is commonly used as an antiseptic in wounds and is also used as a disinfectant (in diluted form)?
A) Hydrochloric acid
B) Hydrogen peroxide ✅
C) Nitric acid
D) Sodium chloride
15. Which of these is a local anesthetic used in dentistry?
A) Paracetamol
B) Lidocaine (Lignocaine) ✅
C) Amoxicillin
D) Ranitidine
16. Which sweetening agent is safe for diabetic patients and is non-nutritive?
A) Sucrose
B) Sucralose / Aspartame / Saccharin ✅
C) Glucose
D) Fructose
17. Which drug is used to treat malaria?
A) Penicillin
B) Chloroquine / Artemisinin derivatives ✅
C) Metformin
D) Paracetamol
18. Which molecule is commonly used as an antioxidant in food packaging?
A) Sulfuric acid
B) BHA (Butylated hydroxyanisole) & BHT (Butylated hydroxytoluene) ✅
C) Sodium hydroxide
D) Potassium permanganate
19. Which of the following is an example of antiseptic commonly used for hand sanitizers?
A) Benzene
B) Ethanol (60–90%) ✅
C) Sodium chloride
D) Glucose
20. Which class of drugs reduces allergic responses by blocking histamine receptors?
A) Analgesics
B) Antihistamines (e.g., chlorpheniramine) ✅
C) Antacids
D) Antibiotics
21. Which of the following is a disinfectant used in hospitals and household cleaning?
A) Sodium bicarbonate
B) Phenolic compounds (e.g., Lysol/Chloroxylenol) ✅
C) Glucose
D) Fructose
22. Which of these is an example of a sulfonamide antibiotic?
A) Penicillin
B) Sulfanilamide ✅
C) Ciprofloxacin
D) Tetracycline
23. Which household chemical is used as a bleaching agent?
A) Sodium chloride
B) Sodium hypochlorite (bleach) ✅
C) Ethanol
D) Sucrose
24. Which of the following is used as an antacid and anti-flatulent?
A) Ranitidine
B) Simethicone (anti-foaming) / Magnesium hydroxide ✅
C) Paracetamol
D) Ciprofloxacin
25. Which compound is commonly used to preserve pickles and jams?
A) Sulfuric acid
B) Sodium benzoate / Acetic acid (vinegar) ✅
C) Sodium hydroxide
D) Phenol
26. Which of these is used as a mouth disinfectant and antiseptic?
A) Sodium chloride solution
B) Chlorhexidine mouthwash ✅
C) Benzene
D) BHT
27. Which drug class is used to lower high blood pressure?
A) Antihistamines
B) Antihypertensives (ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, etc.) ✅
C) Antivirals
D) Antacids
28. Which preservative is commonly used in bread to prevent fungal growth?
A) Sodium chloride only
B) Calcium propionate ✅
C) Sulfuric acid
D) BHA
29. Which of the following is true about soaps?
A) Soaps work well in hard water
B) Soaps form scum with hard water (Ca2+, Mg2+) ✅
C) Soaps are synthetic detergents
D) Soaps have cationic head groups
30. Which of the following is used as a preservative in canned foods?
A) Lead nitrate
B) Sodium benzoate / Sulfites (under regulation) ✅
C) Benzene
D) Mercury chloride
31. Which compound is commonly used as an antacid in indigestion?
A) Ciprofloxacin
B) Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) ✅
C) Paracetamol
D) Insulin
32. Which antibacterial agent is often used in antiseptic creams and soaps?
A) Sodium chloride
B) Chloroxylenol (Dettol) / Chlorhexidine ✅
C) Sucrose
D) BHT
33. Which of the following is an example of an opioid analgesic?
A) Paracetamol
B) Morphine ✅
C) Aspirin
D) Ranitidine
34. Which sweetener is stable at high temperatures and used in baking?
A) Aspartame
B) Sucralose ✅
C) Saccharin
D) Glucose
35. Which of the following is used as an anti-bacterial hand wash ingredient and is being phased out due to safety concerns?
A) Ethanol
B) Triclosan ✅
C) Sodium chloride
D) Glucose
36. Which compound is used as a topical antiseptic and wound cleaner and releases iodine?
A) Sodium hypochlorite
B) Povidone-iodine (Betadine) ✅
C) BHT
D) Saccharin
37. Which of the following reduces surface tension and helps cleaning by wetting the surface?
A) Surfactants (soaps/detergents) ✅
B) Sugars
C) Amino acids
D) Metallic salts
38. Which antibiotic acts by inhibiting cell wall synthesis?
A) Tetracycline
B) Penicillin (beta-lactams) ✅
C) Chloramphenicol
D) Sulfonamides
39. Which of the following is commonly used as a preservative for edible oils to prevent rancidity?
A) Sodium hydroxide
B) Antioxidants like BHA/BHT ✅
C) Mercury salts
D) Lead acetate
40. Which analgesic is also an anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet agent?
A) Paracetamol
B) Aspirin ✅
C) Lidocaine
D) Ciprofloxacin
41. Which of the following is used as a cooling agent and anti-viral in throat lozenges?
A) Menthol ✅
B) BHT
C) Saccharin
D) Ethanol
42. Which of the following is a common antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections and belongs to beta-lactam group?
A) Amoxicillin / Ampicillin ✅
B) Tetracycline
C) Erythromycin
D) Ciprofloxacin
43. Which of these is a function of preservatives in packaged foods?
A) Prevent microbial growth and extend shelf life ✅
B) Increase nutritional value
C) Add flavor
D) Act as sweeteners
44. Which household chemical is commonly used as a solvent in cleaning products and antiseptics?
A) Ethanol / Isopropyl alcohol ✅
B) Sodium chloride
C) BHT
D) Saccharin
45. Which of the following is used as an antipsychotic/tranquilizer?
A) Paracetamol
B) Diazepam (a benzodiazepine) ✅
C) Penicillin
D) Salbutamol
46. Which compound is commonly used as a buffer in oral rehydration solutions?
A) Sodium citrate / Sodium bicarbonate ✅
B) Ethanol
C) Hydrochloric acid
D) Saccharin
47. Which of the following is an example of a disinfectant gas used for sterilization (industrial/medical)?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Ethylene oxide ✅
C) Nitrogen
D) Oxygen
48. Which of the following is true about antibiotics?
A) They act against bacteria and should not be used indiscriminately to avoid resistance ✅
B) They are effective against viral infections
C) They are always safe without side effects
D) They enhance viral replication
49. Which of the following household products contains sodium lauryl sulfate as a surfactant?
A) Toothpaste / Shampoo (many contain SLS) ✅
B) Cooking oil
C) Vinegar
D) Olive oil
50. Which antioxidants are commonly added to foods to prevent oxidation of lipids?
A) Bleach and phenol
B) Lead salts
C) Sodium hydroxide
D) BHA (Butylated hydroxyanisole) & BHT (Butylated hydroxytoluene) ✅