Classification of Plants
Q1. Who is known as the father of taxonomy?
A. Carolus Linnaeus.
Q2. What is taxonomy?
A. Taxonomy is the science of classification of organisms.
Q3. Name the five kingdoms of classification given by R.H. Whittaker.
A. Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Q4. What is the basis of classification in plants?
A. Presence or absence of organs, differentiation of body, and method of reproduction.
Q5. Name the two main divisions of the plant kingdom.
A. Cryptogams and Phanerogams.
Q6. What are cryptogams?
A. Plants that do not bear flowers or seeds (non-flowering plants).
Q7. Name the three groups of cryptogams.
A. Thallophyta, Bryophyta, and Pteridophyta.
Q8. Give an example of Thallophyta.
A. Spirogyra, Ulva.
Q9. Give an example of Bryophyta.
A. Moss (Funaria).
Q10. Give an example of Pteridophyta.
A. Fern.
Q11. What are phanerogams?
A. Plants that produce flowers and seeds.
Q12. Name the two groups of phanerogams.
A. Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
Q13. What are gymnosperms?
A. Seed-producing plants with naked seeds (not enclosed in fruit).
Q14. Give an example of gymnosperm.
A. Cycas, Pine.
Q15. What are angiosperms?
A. Seed-producing plants with seeds enclosed in fruits.
Q16. Name the two groups of angiosperms.
A. Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons.
Q17. Give an example of monocot plant.
A. Wheat, Maize.
Q18. Give an example of dicot plant.
A. Mango, Rose.
Q19. State one characteristic of monocots.
A. Seeds have one cotyledon and parallel venation in leaves.
Q20. State one characteristic of dicots.
A. Seeds have two cotyledons and reticulate venation in leaves.
Q21. What is alternation of generations?
A. The life cycle in plants where haploid and diploid generations alternate with each other.
Q22. Name the pigment present in green plants.
A. Chlorophyll.
Q23. What is the function of xylem?
A. To transport water and minerals from roots to other parts of the plant.
Q24. What is the function of phloem?
A. To transport food from leaves to other parts of the plant.
Q25. Which group of plants is called amphibians of the plant kingdom?
A. Bryophyta, as they require water for reproduction.
Q26. Why are algae included in thallophyta?
A. Because they have a simple body without differentiation into root, stem, and leaves.
Q27. Which plants are called vascular cryptogams?
A. Pteridophytes, as they have vascular tissues but do not produce seeds.
Q28. What is double fertilisation in angiosperms?
A. It is the process where one male gamete fuses with the egg to form a zygote and the other fuses with two polar nuclei to form endosperm.
Q29. Which plant group is the most advanced?
A. Angiosperms.
Q30. Name one economic importance of gymnosperms.
A. They provide timber, resins, and medicinal products.